Physics – Quantum Physics
Scientific paper
2002-05-16
Phys. Rev. A 66, 062321 (2002)
Physics
Quantum Physics
revtex, 14 pages, no pictures; proof of result 1 simplified significantly
Scientific paper
10.1103/PhysRevA.66.062321
A non-local unitary transformation of two qubits occurs when some Hamiltonian interaction couples them. Here we characterize the amount, as measured by time, of interaction required to perform two--qubit gates, when also arbitrarily fast, local unitary transformations can be applied on each qubit. The minimal required time of interaction, or interaction cost, defines an operational notion of the degree of non--locality of gates. We characterize a partial order structure based on this notion. We also investigate the interaction cost of several communication tasks, and determine which gates are able to accomplish them. This classifies two--qubit gates into four categories, differing in their capability to transmit classical, as well as quantum, bits of information.
Cirac Juan Ignacio
Hammerer Klemens
Vidal German
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