Physics – Geophysics
Scientific paper
May 1987
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1987pggp.rept..391s&link_type=abstract
In NASA, Washington, Reports of Planetary Geology and Geophysics Program, 1986 p 391 (SEE N87-23341 16-91)
Physics
Geophysics
Centrifuging, Impact, Porous Materials, Projectile Cratering, Scaling Laws, Targets, Dimensionless Numbers, Gravitational Effects, Planetary Surfaces, Velocity
Scientific paper
A geotechnical centrifuge was used to investigate large body impacts onto planetary surfaces. At elevated gravity, it is possible to match various dimensionless similarity parameters which were shown to govern large scale impacts. Observations of crater growth and target flow fields have provided detailed and critical tests of a complete and unified scaling theory for impact cratering. Scaling estimates were determined for nonporous targets. Scaling estimates for large scale cratering in rock proposed previously by others have assumed that the crater radius is proportional to powers of the impactor energy and gravity, with no additional dependence on impact velocity. The size scaling laws determined from ongoing centrifuge experiments differ from earlier ones in three respects. First, a distinct dependence of impact velocity is recognized, even for constant impactor energy. Second, the present energy exponent for low porosity targets, like competent rock, is lower than earlier estimates. Third, the gravity exponent is recognized here as being related to both the energy and the velocity exponents.
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