Bow shock expansion caused by the magnetic cloud passage on october 18, 1995

Physics

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Scientific paper

During Oct. 18-20, 1995, the WIND and GEOTAIL spacecraft recorded passage of a large magnetic cloud. Soon after entering into the cloud, plasma/field/wave measurements on GEOTAIL showed that the earth's bow shock appeared about 10 Re upstream from the nominal position ((9, -23, -2) Re in GSE). This shock expansion were apparently triggered by the arrival of the magnetic cloud: A high Alfvén velocity within the magnetic cloud, which was due to the combination of high magnetic field intensity and low plasma density, made the magnetosonic Mach number of the bow shock small, and in turn resulted in the rapid outward expansion of the bow shock. We discuss the transient phenomena caused by this rapid expansion and sequential bow shock crossings associated with the solar wind condition inside this magnetic cloud.

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