Bohm-Aharonov type effects in dissipative atomic systems

Details Bohm-Aharonov type effects in dissipative atomic systems Bohm-Aharonov type effects in dissipative atomic systems

2005-12-22

arxiv.org/abs/quant-ph/0512198v1

Physics

Quantum Physics

9 pages, 4 references. Presented at the 23rd International Conference on Differential Geometric Methods in Theoretical Physics

Scientific paper

A state in quantum mechanics is defined as a positive operator of norm 1. For finite systems, this may be thought of as a positive matrix of trace 1. This constraint of positivity imposes severe restrictions on the allowed evolution of such a state. From the mathematical viewpoint, we describe the two forms of standard dynamical equations - global (Kraus) and local (Lindblad) - and show how each of these gives rise to a semi-group description of the evolution. We then look at specific examples from atomic systems, involving 3-level systems for simplicity, and show how these mathematical constraints give rise to non-intuitive physical phenomena, reminiscent of Bohm-Aharonov effects. In particular, we show that for a multi-level atomic system it is generally impossible to isolate the levels, and this leads to observable effects on the population relaxation and decoherence.

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