Biennial cosmic-ray variations

Physics

Scientific paper

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Annual Variations, Atmospheric Radiation, Cosmic Rays, Lower Atmosphere, Radiation Measurement, Stratosphere, Energy Spectra, Gas Discharge Tubes, Isobars, Proportional Counters, U.S.S.R.

Scientific paper

Selective numerical filtration is used to delineate biennial cosmic-ray variations in results of atmospheric measurements performed at Murmansk, Moscow, and Alma Ata, in the Soviet Union, and at Mirny station in Antarctica. The measurements were made with gas-proportional counters and counter telescopes at nine isobaric levels in the range from 20 to 560 g/sq cm. Two quite different types of biennial variation are distinguished and analyzed. The first type occurs in the stratosphere (20 to 160 g/sq cm), while the second type is detected in the lower atmosphere (greater than 300 g/sq cm). It is shown that the energy spectrum and amplitude of the biennial variation in the stratosphere are the same as those of the 11-yr cosmic-ray modulation.

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