Automated Detection of Pi2 Pulsations by Wavelet Analysis and its Application to Real-time Data From Longitudinal Network of Geomagnetic Observatories

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0520 Data Analysis: Algorithms And Implementation, 2752 Mhd Waves And Instabilities (2149, 6050, 7836), 2790 Substorms

Scientific paper

Pi2 pulsations are defined as geomagnetic field variations with a period range of 40-150 s and an irregular waveform. It is generally accepted that Pi2 pulsations appear clearly in mid- or low-latitude ground station on the nightside in a close connection with substorm onsets. Thus nowcasting of substorm onset becomes possible, if we monitor geomagnetic field variations and detect Pi2 pulsations in real-time. We have developed an algorithm to detect Pi2 pulsations with wavelet analysis, which is suitable for investigating waves that are limited in both time and frequency, such as Pi2 pulsations [ Nosé et al., Earth Planet. Space, p. 773-783, 1998]. Using the geomagnetic field data from the Kakioka observatory, we have tested the algorithm and found that detection results by the algorithm on the nightside are fairly consistent with the detection results by visual inspection. Based on this successful test result the algorithm has been applied to real-time geomagnetic field data obtained at the Mineyama and Kakioka observatories in Japan, as well as the York SAMNET station in the U. K. since 1996. We started the Pi2 detection at Fürstenfeldbruck in Germany in July 2005. Detection results are exchanged among these stations via the Internet and are available at our WWW site. We are planning to use the same algorithm to detect Pi2 pulsations at APL (Applied Physics Laboratory) in the United States and Teoloyucan in Mexico. The network of these 6 observatories will result in more reliable detection of Pi2 pulsations, because at least one station is located on the nightside at any given time.

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