Atomic number fluctuations in a falling cold atom cloud

Details Atomic number fluctuations in a falling cold atom cloud Atomic number fluctuations in a falling cold atom cloud

1998-01-23

arxiv.org/abs/quant-ph/9801050v1

Quant.Semiclass.Opt. 8 (1996) 457-472

Physics

Quantum Physics

21 pages, LaTeX

Scientific paper

10.1088/1355-5111/8/3/009

We evaluate the effective number of atoms in experiments where a probe laser beam with a Gaussian profile passes through an atomic medium consisting of a cold atom cloud released from a magneto-optical trap. Considering the case where the initial distribution is a Gaussian function of position and velocity, we give a quantitative description of the time variation of the effective atom number while the cloud is exploding and falling. We discuss the two cases where the effective number is defined from the linear and nonlinear phase shifts, respectively. We also evaluate the fluctuations of the effective atom number by calculating their correlation functions and the associated noise spectra. Finally we estimate the effect of these fluctuations on experiments where the probe beam passes through a cavity containing the atomic cloud.

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