Astrophysical Black Holes - do they have Boundary Layers?

Physics

Scientific paper

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Accretion, Accretion Disk, Black Hole Physics, Shock Waves

Scientific paper

We show that the black hole astrophysics is in reality the physics of the boundary layer around the black hole. This boundary layer has first been proposed by our group and is now universally used in various names. This layer is produced primarily due to the centrifugal barrier that the accretion flow experiences. This layer is produced only in flows where the angular momentum distribution is 'sub-Keplerian'. Keplerian disk and the synchrotron emission in the non-Keplerian disk supply the requisite soft photons. Comptonization of these soft photons produces the harder photons by the hot electrons in this layer. The outflow is also driven by this layer. Quasi-periodic oscillations are primarily due to the oscillations of this layer. The spectral states vary due to the variations of the Keplerian and sub-Keplerian components. All the observational results today point to the existence of this boundary layer and two flow components of varying degree. The same concept holds good for objects with a hard surface such as white dwarfs and neutron stars, though the situation is more complex as there could be more than one boundary layer.

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