Aspects of Quantum Coherence in Nanosystems

Details Aspects of Quantum Coherence in Nanosystems Aspects of Quantum Coherence in Nanosystems

2009-03-16

arxiv.org/abs/0903.2746v1

European Journal of Physics 30 S89 (2009)

Physics

Quantum Physics

Invited review paper at an introductory level, aimed at an undergraduate audience. To appear in European Journal of Physics, S

Scientific paper

10.1088/0143-0807/30/4/S08

Coherence is a familiar concept in physics: It is the driving force behind wavelike phenomena such as the diffraction of light. Moreover, wave-particle duality implies that all quantum objects can exhibit coherence, and this quantum coherence is crucial to understanding the behaviour of a plethora of systems. In this article, which is written at an undergraduate level, we shall briefly introduce what is meant by coherence in a well-known classical setting, before going on to describe its quantum version. We will show that coherence is important in describing the properties of solid-state nanosystems, and especially quantum dots. Simple experiments that reveal the coherent nature of matter - and how this leads to some very powerful applications - will be described. Finally, we shall discuss the fragility of coherence and shall introduce a method for describing decoherence in open quantum systems.

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