Physics
Scientific paper
Jul 1981
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1981pepi...26..107o&link_type=abstract
Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors, Volume 26, Issue 1-2, p. 107-124.
Physics
12
Scientific paper
Laboratory heat treatment of natural rocks alters their mineralogy and produces a characteristic magnetization that can be used as a simple, persistent tracer. Workers have shown that natural magnetic enhancements occur in soils on a wide range of bedrocks including limestones, granites, shales and sandstones. The artificial magnetic enhancement tracing method may consequently be expected to be applicable to many localities. In our study magnetite and hematite were grown in naturally paramagnetic mudstones and slates by rapid heating in air to 900°C and then quenching.
Studies of magnetic remanence, viscosity, hysteresis and coercivity, Mǒssbauer spectroscopy and the effect of temperature on magnetization have been used to determine the dominant processes affecting the magnetic mineralogy during heat treatment. These are the growth of single-domain magnetite, followed by the formation of superparamagnetic magnetite probably by both the breakdown of the single-domain magnetite and the growth of new crystals simultaneously with the formation of hematite. The fine magnetite particles dominate most of the magnetic properties of the heat-treated samples although hematite is produced in greater abundance. The mineralogical changes of the magnetic grains are complex and depend on many interrelated variables. However, a very simple but effective heat treatment procedure has been developed that optimizes the enhancement of magnetic susceptibility and permits practical hydrological field experiments to be performed. This work is concerned with stream bedload movement but the artificial magnetic enhancement method could also be useful in studying other sedimentological processes such as movement of sand waves and beach sands and the silting of harbours.
Dickson P. E. D.
Oldfield Frank
Thompson Rachel
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