Arbitrarily loss-tolerant Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen steering allowing a demonstration over 1 km of optical fiber with no detection loophole

Details Arbitrarily loss-tolerant Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen steering allowing a demonstration over 1 km of optical fiber with no detection loophole Arbitrarily loss-tolerant Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen steering allowing a demonstration over 1 km of optical fiber with no detection loophole

2011-11-03

arxiv.org/abs/1111.0739v1

Physics

Quantum Physics

13 pages, 7 figures, comments welcome

Scientific paper

Whether for quantum cryptography or for testing fundamental properties of the universe, it will be essential to demonstrate nonclassical effects over longer and longer distances. The chief barrier to doing so is loss of photons during propagation, because considering only those cases where a photon is detected opens a "detection loophole" in the security of any quantum information task in which parties or devices are untrusted. EPR-steering is a nonclassical effect which allows one party to verify that he shares entanglement with another party, even though he doesn't trust her. We present the surprising and practical result that EPR-steering can be demonstrated with the detection loophole closed even in the presence of arbitrary losses, by using new loss-tolerant tests based on a sophisticated measurement strategy. We perform the first detection-loophole-free demonstration of EPR-steering with entangled photon pairs. We demonstrate that this can be extended to high loss, in an experiment where the parties are separated by a coiled 1 km optical fiber, giving total losses of 8.9 dB (87%).

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