Anderson localization casts clouds over adiabatic quantum optimization

Details Anderson localization casts clouds over adiabatic quantum optimization Anderson localization casts clouds over adiabatic quantum optimization

2009-12-03

arxiv.org/abs/0912.0746v1

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 107(28):12446-12450, 2010

Physics

Quantum Physics

14 pages, 4 figures

Scientific paper

10.1073/pnas.1002116107

Understanding NP-complete problems is a central topic in computer science. This is why adiabatic quantum optimization has attracted so much attention, as it provided a new approach to tackle NP-complete problems using a quantum computer. The efficiency of this approach is limited by small spectral gaps between the ground and excited states of the quantum computer's Hamiltonian. We show that the statistics of the gaps can be analyzed in a novel way, borrowed from the study of quantum disordered systems in statistical mechanics. It turns out that due to a phenomenon similar to Anderson localization, exponentially small gaps appear close to the end of the adiabatic algorithm for large random instances of NP-complete problems. This implies that unfortunately, adiabatic quantum optimization fails: the system gets trapped in one of the numerous local minima.

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