Physics – High Energy Physics – High Energy Physics - Phenomenology
Scientific paper
1999-08-24
Nucl.Phys. B574 (2000) 130-152
Physics
High Energy Physics
High Energy Physics - Phenomenology
25 pages
Scientific paper
10.1016/S0550-3213(99)00827-5
Stable non-topological solitons, Q-balls, are studied using analytical and numerical methods. Three different physically interesting potentials that support Q-ball solutions are considered: two typical polynomial potentials and a logarithmic potential inspired by supersymmetry. It is shown that Q-balls in these potentials exhibit different properties in the thick-wall limit where the charge of a Q-ball is typically considerably smaller than in the thin-wall limit. Analytical criteria are derived to check whether stable Q-balls exists in the thick-wall limit for typical potentials. Q-ball charge, energy and profiles are presented for each potential studied. Evaporation rates are calculated in the perfect thin-wall limit and for realistic Q-ball profiles. It is shown that in each case the evaporation rate increases with decreasing charge.
Multamaki Tuomas
Vilja Iiro
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