Analysis of high-resolution mesospheric sodium twilight spectral emission profiles

Physics

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Atmospheric Scattering, Emission Spectra, Mesosphere, Sodium, Sunlight, Twilight Glow, Absorption Spectra, Doppler Effect, Fabry-Perot Spectrometers, Temperature Measurement, Wind Measurement

Scientific paper

High-resolution Fabry-Perot spectrometers have been used for observations of mesospheric sodium spectral emissions excited by resonant scattering of sunlight. These observations are used to estimate winds and temperatures in the emission region. Hollow-cathode lamps have been used to define the rest wavelength for calculation of wind estimates from the Doppler shift of sky emission. Careful analysis of both lamp and sky spectra show the presence of self-absorption. The nature of the absorption is different for lamp and sky profiles, in the former case absorption occurs after emission, and in the latter absorption occurs in the incident radiation prior to emission. There is a further complication in the latter case, namely, the Doppler shift of the absorption is determined by the wind component in the direction of the Sun while the Doppler shift of the emission is determined by the wind component in the direction of viewing. The effects of these absorption processes on wind and temperature estimates will be discussed.

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