Analysis of Along-Track Oversampled CRISM Observations

Physics

Scientific paper

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[5464] Planetary Sciences: Solid Surface Planets / Remote Sensing, [5494] Planetary Sciences: Solid Surface Planets / Instruments And Techniques

Scientific paper

The Compact Reconnaissance Imaging Spectrometer for Mars (CRISM) has recently begun using its gimbaled optical system to acquire observations in which hyperspectral pixels are spatially overlapping in the along-track direction. At the time of this writing, along-track oversampled (ATO) observations of 35 scientifically interesting targets on Mars have been acquired, including data which have been used to tactically guide the Opportunity Mars rover in the exploration of Santa Maria and Endeavour craters at Meridiani Planum [Arvidson et al., this conference]. ATO data are also currently scheduled to be acquired over Curiosity's selected landing site at Gale Crater, with an emphasis on coverage of possible rover traverse paths. Here we describe the properties of the ATO dataset and demonstrate the value of these observations in comparison with normal CRISM full resolution targeted (FRT) ~18 m/pixel data. To first order, along-track pixel overlap allows spectra from deposits at the scale of the CRISM's highest spatial resolution to have a greater chance of being captured by a single pixel rather than split between adjacent pixels. Additionally, techniques designed to take advantage of the spatial overlap of pixels may be used to process ATO data to resolutions smaller than ~18 m/pixel. Along-track pixel spacing at the scale of meters rather than tens of meters in combination with geometric lookup tables (GLT) allow ATO data to be projected to spatial resolutions much smaller than normal FRT observations. Previously undetectable small scale features as small as ~3 m become visible in these improved-resolution images. Additionally, more sophisticated mathematical methods that take into account the trade-off between increased spatial resolutions with decreased signal-to-noise are applied to the ATO CRISM data. These methods, which were originally developed for application to terrestrial microwave radiometer systems, result in the generation of sub-18 m pixels and employ estimations of CRISM's instrument noise and knowledge of its along-track point-spread function.

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