An experimental approach to circumstellar condensation

Mathematics – Probability

Scientific paper

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Scientific paper

An experimental approach to the subject of circumstellar condensation of minerals has demonstrated that crystalline silicates can be condensed from a vapor under conditions present in circumstellar space. The condensation of an energetic atomic beam of Mg, Si, Fe, Ca, Al and O at various substrate temperatures also produces fractionation of Mg, Fe and Si with respect to Ca and Al; however, Ca and Al are found to be difficult to fractionate from each other at temperatures less than 1000°C. An explanation for this fractional condensation is qualitatively based on temperature dependent sticking probability of the incident atoms and not on reevaporation. The results of these experiments support the hypothesis that the bulk chemistry of various meteorite classes may record the original fractional condensation of refractory oxides in the solar system. The direct synthesis of crystalline silicates by vapor condensation supports the hypothesis that carbonaceous meteorites may contain examples of minerals formed by direct circumsolar condensation.

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