An atmospheric rotation period of Neptune determined from methane-band imaging

Physics

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Absorption Spectra, Methane, Neptune Atmosphere, Planetary Rotation, Clouds (Meteorology), Diurnal Variations, Reflectance, Zonal Flow (Meteorology), Neptune, Atmosphere, Rotation, Period, Earth-Based Observations, Telescope Methods, Clouds, Features, Motion, Reflectivity, Features, Analysis, Data, Images, Wavelengths

Scientific paper

Direct imaging of Neptune through an 8900-Å methane-band filter with the University of Hawaii 2.24-m telescope at Mauna Kea Observatory shows discrete atmospheric cloud features. A rotation period of 17.86±0.02 hr is derived from the observations of two transits of a bright feature in the southern hemisphere during May and June 1986. This period is consistent with earlier observations of cloud motion on Neptune. The imaging also shows that bright features in Neptune's northern hemisphere seen as recently as in 1983 by earlier investigations have disappeared, markedly changing the overall distribution of reflected light from the planetary disk.

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