Almost quantum theory

Details Almost quantum theory Almost quantum theory

2012-04-03

arxiv.org/abs/1204.0701v1

Physics

Quantum Physics

46 pages; submitted chapter for book "Quantum Theory: Informational Foundations and Foils"

Scientific paper

Modal quantum theory (MQT) is a "toy model" of quantum theory in which amplitudes are elements of a general field. The theory predicts, not the probabilities of a measurement result, but only whether or not a result is possible. In this paper we review MQT and extend it to include mixed states, generalized measurements and open system dynamics. Even though MQT does not have density operators, superoperators or any concept of "positivity", we can nevertheless establish a precise analogue to the usual representation theorem for CP maps. We also embed MQT in a larger class of modal theories. We show that the possibility assignments for separate measurements on a bipartite system in MQT are always weakly consistent with some probability assignment that respects the no-signalling principle.

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