Physics
Scientific paper
Feb 1982
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1982jgr....87..661n&link_type=abstract
Journal of Geophysical Research, vol. 87, Feb. 1, 1982, p. 661-669.
Physics
19
Adiabatic Equations, Charged Particles, Earth Magnetosphere, Particle Motion, Drift Rate, Equations Of Motion, Gyromagnetism, Kinetic Energy, Planetary Rotation
Scientific paper
Some aspects of adiabatic drift theory are investigated in the regime where the E x B drift velocity is comparable with or larger than the gyro velocity. Particles undergo five drifts in addition to the E x B gradient, and line curvature drifts have three more terms in the parallel equation of motion. The case of the rapidly rotating rigid magnetic field configuration is found to be an exception due to the corotating particle with a nearly periodic motion. The guiding center drift velocity and parallel differential equation of motion are obtained, and the drift velocity in the rotating frame is found to consist of the expected field gradient and line curvature drift, plus centrifugal and coriolis force induced drifts. It is shown that the second invariant is conserved in the rotating frame by the four drifts, so that a particle slowly drifts around on its drift shell and returns to its original field line. Thus, there is no long term energy change, and any energy change is periodic on the bounce and drift time scale.
Birmingham Thomas J.
Northrop Theodore G.
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