Acousto-optic spectrometer for radio astronomy

Physics – Optics

Scientific paper

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Acousto-Optics, Fourier Transformation, Radio Astronomy, Radio Spectroscopy, Signal Processing, Traveling Wave Modulation, Broadband, Cost Reduction, Energy Conversion Efficiency, Far Fields, High Resolution, Solar Radio Emission, Spectroheliographs, Wave Diffraction, Weight Reduction

Scientific paper

Recent developments in acousto-optic techniques and in photodetector arrays have made feasible a new type of RF spectrometer, offering the advantages of wide bandwidth, high resolution, large number of channels in compact, lightweight, energy efficient, and relatively low cost systems. Such a system employs an acousto-optic diffraction cell which serves the key role of converting RF signals to ultrasonic traveling-waves modulating the optical index of the cell. The cell is illuminated across its aperture by a monochromatic laser beam. A fraction of the light is diffracted by the acoustic waves. A focusing lens follows the cell and essentially performs a Fourier transform of the RF signal into a far-field intensity pattern. CSIRO in Australia and the Tokyo Astronomical Observatory in Japan have taken the lead in using acousto-optic techniques in astronomical applications. The first practical device was successfully made at CSIRO for obtaining dynamical spectrographs of solar radio emission.

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