Physics – Physics and Society
Scientific paper
2011-03-07
Physica A 390 (2011) 3944-3954
Physics
Physics and Society
19 pages, 7 figures, new improved and longer version
Scientific paper
We study a prototypical model of a Parliament with two Parties or two Political Coalitions and we show how the introduction of a variable percentage of randomly selected independent legislators can increase the global efficiency of a Legislature, in terms of both the number of laws passed and the average social welfare obtained. We also analytically find an "efficiency golden rule" which allows to fix the optimal number of legislators to be selected at random after that regular elections have established the relative proportion of the two Parties or Coalitions. These results are in line with both the ancient Greek democratic system and the recent discovery that the adoption of random strategies can improve the efficiency of hierarchical organizations.
Caserta M.
Garofalo Cesare
Pluchino Alessandro
Rapisarda Andrea
Spagano S.
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