Acceleration in magnetospheres

Details Acceleration in magnetospheres Acceleration in magnetospheres

Dec 2002

adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=2002esasp.506..233l&link_type=abstract

In: Solar variability: from core to outer frontiers. The 10th European Solar Physics Meeting, 9 - 14 September 2002, Prague, Cze

Physics

1

Particle Acceleration, Earth Magnetosphere, Solar Wind

Scientific paper

During phases of magnetospheric activity, about 20% of the energy transferred from the solar wind to the Earth can be converted into kinetic energy of particles (some 1011W). The particle acceleration thus plays an important role in the regulation of the magnetospheric dynamics. The energetic particles are also sources of radiations in the radio, visible, UV, X and even low-energy gamma domains. Understanding the accelerations is then essential for the interpretation of remote observations of astrophysical plasma systems. We first consider the Earth's magnetosphere as a global accelerator able to convert some percents of the power input (1012W) to produce relativistic electrons. This acceleration is relatively well explained by "classical" mechanisms (betatron and fermi processes). We discuss the importance of explosive energy releases (substorms) as major trigger processes of the acceleration. These impulsive phenomena are characterized by the development of very efficient acceleration processes in the auroral regions. A short review of the possible mechanisms is proposed. They are critically examined in view of VIKING, FAST, FREJA and, POLAR spacecraft observations. Recent progresses in models that synthesize various observational aspects are finally presented.

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