A tropical Atlantic paradox: Shipboard and satellite views of a tropospheric ozone maximum and wave-one in January-February 1999

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Atmospheric Composition And Structure: Troposphere-Composition And Chemistry, Global Change: Atmosphere, Global Change: Remote Sensing, Information Related To Geographic Region: Atlantic Ocean

Scientific paper

During the Aerosols99 trans-Atlantic cruise from Norfolk, VA, to Cape Town, South Africa, daily ozonesondes were launched from the R/V Ronald H Brown between 17 January and 6 February 1999. A composite of tropospheric ozone profiles along the latitudinal transect shows 4 zones, nearly identical to the ozone distribution during a January-February 1993 trans-Atlantic cruise [Weller et al., 1996]. Sondes from the cruise and Ascension Island (8S, 14.5W), as well as the Earth-Probe (EP)/TOMS satellite instrument, show elevated tropospheric ozone (>35 Dobson Units) throughout the south Atlantic in January 1999. Ozone layers associated with biomass burning north of the ITCZ (Intertropical Convergence Zone) are prominent at 0-5 km from 10-0N, but even higher ozone (100 ppbv, 5-15 km) occurred south of the ITCZ, where it was not burning-an ozone ``paradox'' that contributes to a wave-one zonal pattern in tropospheric ozone. Back trajectories, satellite observations and shipboard tracers suggest that the south Atlantic ozone results from a combination of interhemispheric transport, aged stratospheric-upper tropospheric air, and possibly from ozone supplied by lightning nitric oxide.

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