A theory of the winter absorption anomaly at middle latitudes

Details A theory of the winter absorption anomaly at middle latitudes A theory of the winter absorption anomaly at middle latitudes

Feb 1967

adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1967jatp...29..113s&link_type=abstract

Journal of Atmospheric and Terrestrial Physics, vol. 29, no. 2, pp. 113-136

Physics

2

Scientific paper

Examination of mesospherie temperature profiles obtained by the rocket-grenade technique at Wallops Island, Virginia, has revealed the occurrence of mesospherie wanning on certain winter days. A preliminary investigation has indicated that [latin small letter f with hook]min values observed with ionosondes at Wallops Island and Ft. Belvoir, Virginia, tend to be higher on days when the mesospherie temperatures are abnormally high. Because higher values of [latin small letter f with hook]min may be associated with enhanced ionization in the D-region, it is believed that the increased values of [latin small letter f with hook]min are caused by a sporadic D-layer. A theory of the formation of a sporadic D-layer at middle latitudes in winter is presented. Use is made of the experimental temperature profiles to obtain estimates of the nitric oxide distribution in the D-region on an average winter day and on nontypical winter days at Wallops Island. The temperature and nitric oxide distributions are utilized to calculate the electron production rates; electron density distributions are derived from these assuming an effective recombination coefficient of 5 × 10-7 cm3 sec-1. On the basis of the calculated nitric oxide and electron density distributions, and examination of [latin small letter f with hook]min values from ionograms, it is concluded that the [`]winter anomaly' hi ionospheric radio absorption is explicable hi terms of a temperature inversion hi the D-region on certain winter days at middle latitudes. Also, examination of [latin small letter f with hook]min values and stratospheric temperatures during November 1963 indicates that November 17, 1963 was a nontypical whiter day at Wallops Island; and it is suggested that the D-region nitric oxide concentration measured by Earth on that date was abnormally high because of a sporadic warming hi the D-region.

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