A Survey For Companions To Bright O Stars Using Adaptive Optics

Physics – Optics

Scientific paper

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Scientific paper

We present the results of a multi-year survey of bright O stars for companions using the adaptive optics (AO) system at the AEOS 3.6 meter telescope on Haleakala. Using Mason et al. 1998 (AJ, vol. 115, pg. 821) and the Galactic O Star catalog as starting points, we constructed a list of 171 O stars bright enough to be observed by AEOS. We then used the AO system and the facility high-speed frame transfer camera to push the faint companion I-band detection sensitivity in a 5 arcsec radius area around the O star from about 3 magnitudes (the speckle sensitivity limit) to about 6 to 9.5 magnitudes (depending on the angular distance from the star) for 116 of these objects. These measurements sample 63 percent of the cluster membership stars, 78 percent of the field stars, and 88 percent of the runaway stars in the 171 star list. In the course of this survey, we detected 40 new companions and made additional astrometric measurements of 24 previously known systems. Two of those known system measurements, BU 1032 and SEE 322, added enough information, in each case, to merit the generation of a new orbit. We analyzed the probability that the newly discovered companions were gravitationally bound to their target O stars by using a deep I-band survey of the Orion cluster to generate an expected number of background stars per AEOS field-of-view. Our results are consistent with the conventional wisdom pertaining to O stars -- physical companions are common to stars that remain close to their birthplace, and rare among stars ejected from clusters.

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