Physics
Scientific paper
Jul 1994
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1994georl..21.1619t&link_type=abstract
Geophysical Research Letters, Volume 21, Issue 15, p. 1619-1622
Physics
113
Atmospheric Composition And Structure: Middle Atmosphere-Composition And Chemistry, Atmospheric Composition And Structure: Aerosols And Particles, Atmospheric Composition And Structure: Cloud Physics And Chemistry, Atmospheric Composition And Structure: Volcanic Effects
Scientific paper
Mechanisms for the formation of Type I (nitric acid-based) polar stratospheric clouds (PSCs) are discussed. If the pre-existing sulfate aerosols are liquid prior to PSC formation, then nitric acid particles (Type Ib) form by HNO3 dissolution in aqueous H2SO4 solution droplets. This process does not require a nucleation step for the formation of HNO3 aerosols, so most pre-existing aerosols grow to become relatively small HNO3-containing particles. At significantly lower temperatures, the resulting supercooled solutions (Type Ib) may freeze to form HNO3 ice particles (Type Ia). If the pre-existing sulfate aerosols are initially solid before PSC formation, then HNO3 vapor can be deposited directly on the frozen sulfate particles. However, because an energy barrier to the condensation exists a nucleation mechanism is involved. Here, we suggest a unique nucleation mechanism that involves formation of HNO3/H2O solutions on the sulfate ice particles. These nucleation processes may be highly selective, resulting in the formation of relatively small number of large particles.
Drdla Katja
Jacobson Mark Z.
Tabazadeh Azadeh
Toon Brian O.
Turco Richard P.
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