A study of signal statistics of VHF radar echoes from clear air

Physics

Scientific paper

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Clear Air Turbulence, Doppler Radar, Radar Antennas, Radar Echoes, Statistical Analysis, Very High Frequencies, Computer Programs, Fortran, Fresnel Reflectors, Histograms, Power Spectra

Scientific paper

Signal statistics of VHF radar returns from vertical pointing observations of the clear air are investigated. In particular, the signal signature, its Doppler spectrum and statistical distribution are examined. It is found that the most important factors that characterize the statistics of the signals are the width of the spectrum and the Nakagami m-coefficient for the intensity distribution. Using these factors as criteria, two types of signals are found. One corresponds to volume scattering arising from turbulence or multiple thin laminae or sheets. The other corresponds to return from a single sheet. Examples of the different scattering/reflection processes will be shown. Numerical modelling is used to simulate the scattering/reflection processes. From the simulation, it is demonstrated that echo signals from some range gates are consistent with the picture of reflection from a single, diffuse sheet, causing focusing and defocusing of the signals.

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