A statistical study of the differences between Northern and Southern Hemisphere conjugate AE calculations

Details A statistical study of the differences between Northern and Southern Hemisphere conjugate AE calculations A statistical study of the differences between Northern and Southern Hemisphere conjugate AE calculations

May 2009

adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=2009agusmsm12a..06b&link_type=abstract

American Geophysical Union, Spring Meeting 2009, abstract #SM12A-06

Physics

2704 Auroral Phenomena (2407), 2721 Field-Aligned Currents And Current Systems (2409), 2722 Forecasting (7924, 7964), 2794 Instruments And Techniques

Scientific paper

The auroral electrojet (AE) index is traditionally calculated from a set of about 10 to 13 ground magnetometer stations located around the typical northern auroral oval location. Similar coverage in the Southern Hemisphere does not exist, so the AE calculation has only been performed using Northern Hemisphere data. A recent study used seven southern auroral region ground magnetometers as well as their conjugate Northern Hemisphere data to calculate conjugate AE indices during the Northern Hemisphere winter (December 2005) using the standard method. The correlation coefficient between the northern and southern AE indices for many of the intervals was above 0.7, but in one interval, it was close to 0. The mean difference between the southern and northern AE indices is largest during southward IMF and for large values of IMF |By| (>5~nT). This is most likely due to the increased activity levels during southward IMF and the greater twisting of the magnetic field lines during strong IMF By. The mean differences between the southern and conjugate northern H component are of the order of ˜35~nT, with the largest differences occurring in the midnight magnetic local time (MLT) sector. Based on these initial results we now conduct a statistical study of nearly 200 intervals during 2006 and 2008 for which data exist for the calculation of both southern and conjugate northern AE indices. We explore the generality of our initial results, and determine whether the North-South asymmetries are the result of the large gap in auroral station coverage in the Southern Hemisphere or have a geophysical source, and in the latter case under what circumstances the asymmetries are most pronounced. We interpret the latter type of asymmetries in terms of seasonal effects, ionospheric effects, and/or MLT dependencies.

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