Physics – High Energy Physics – High Energy Physics - Phenomenology
Scientific paper
2004-04-08
JHEP 0405:057,2004
Physics
High Energy Physics
High Energy Physics - Phenomenology
22 pages, 6 figures. New appendix with the derivation of Eq. (3.6) added. Version published in JHEP
Scientific paper
10.1088/1126-6708/2004/05/057
In the 3-flavour framework we derive a simple approximate analytic expression for the day-night difference of the flux of solar $\nu_e$ at terrestrial detectors which is valid for an arbitrary Earth density profile. Our formula has the accuracy of a few per cent and reproduces all the known analytic expressions for the Earth matter effects on the solar neutrino oscillations obtained under simplifying assumptions about the Earth's density profile (matter of constant density, 3 layers of constant densities, and adiabatic approximation). It can also be used for studying the Earth matter effects on the oscillations of supernova neutrinos. We also discuss the possibility of probing the leptonic mixing angle $\theta_{13}$ through day--night asymmetry measurements at future water Cherenkov solar neutrino detectors. We show that, depending on the measured value of the asymmetry, the current upper bound on $\theta_{13}$ may be improved, or even a lower bound on this mixing parameter may be obtained.
Akhmedov Eugene Kh.
Tortola M. A.
Valle Jose W. F.
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