A reformulation of the post-Newtonian approximation to general relativity. I - The metric and the local equations of motion. II - Post-Newtonian equation of motion for extended bodies

Physics

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Einstein Equations, Equations Of Motion, Metric Space, Relativity, Approximation, Conservation Laws, Error Analysis, Euler-Lagrange Equation, Field Theory (Physics), Iterative Solution, Many Body Problem, Newton Theory, Newtonian Fluids, Tensor Analysis

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A new form of post-Newtonian approximation to general relativity is proposed based on Ehler's (1977) iteration method for the solution of Einstein's equation for isolated, self-gravitating systems. The post-Newtonian metric is obtained, and the corresponding equations of motion are formulated in two iteration steps. The equivalence of the harmonicity condition for the coordinates to the local equations of motion is proved in the post-Newtonian approximation. It is shown that the full Einstein equation is approximately satisfied provided the local equations of motion are. The spatial part of the local equation of motion for a perfect fluid in the post-Newtonian approximation is formulated in a new way which allows an equation of motion for each body of an isolated N-body system to be obtained as a first-order ordinary differential equation. If each body is spherically symmetric and in pure translational motion, a Lagrangian exists from which the equations of motion for the centers of the bodies can be derived. The Lagrangian is identical with the EIH (Einstein-Infeld-Hoffman) one, provided that the inertial mass of a perfect fluid ball is identified with the mass of EIH field singularity.

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