A quantitative empirical model of the magnetospheric flux transfer process

Physics

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Earth Magnetosphere, Electron Precipitation, Interplanetary Magnetic Fields, Polar Caps, Electrojets, Energy Transfer, Magnetopause, Polar Substorms

Scientific paper

Magnetospheric substorm data assembled at the Sixth Coordinated Data Analysis Workshop were analyzed in an attempt to define an average energy model of open flux in the polar cap. The model is applied to the growth phase of substorm events recorded in terms of precipitating electron data obtained with instrumentation on the DMSP-F2 and P78-1 polar orbiting satellites during two substorms on March 27, 1979. Simultaneous data on the state of the IMF was obtained with the IMP and ISEE 3 spacecraft. The model calculations indicate that the magnetopause merged with the IMF to produce an average efficiency of flux input from the IMF of 0.16-0.22 during average solar wind conditions. A proportionality was observed between the westward electrojet current during the expansion and recovery phases of the substorms and the time rate of decrease of the polar cap flux due to the merging activity in the magnetotail. The average energy model is concluded useful for predicting regions of open flux (the polar cap boundary) during the substorm growth phase and in the magnetically disturbed times of the expansion and recovery phases of substorms.

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