A post-Viking view of Martian geologic evolution

Physics – Space Physics

Scientific paper

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Geomorphology, Mars (Planet), Planetary Evolution, Viking Mars Program, Abundance, Gravity Anomalies, Mars Atmosphere, Mars Surface, Planetary Composition, Planetary Cores, Planetary Mantles, Temperature Effects, Volcanoes, Review, Mars, Geology, Evolution, Viking Probes, Mantle, Cores, Lava, Density, Interior, Composition, Mineralogy, Analysis, Remote Sensing, Morphology, Weathering, Seismicity, Volcanism, Thermal History, Models, Heating, Magnetic Fields, Elements, Isotopes, Abundance, Atmosphere, Volatil

Scientific paper

The geologic evolution of Mars is reviewed on the basis of data obtained by the Viking and previous missions. Current knowledge of the mean density and moment of inertia factor of Mars are surveyed and the constraints these data place on the structure and composition of the interior are discussed. Inferences drawn about Martian surface composition and mineralogy from lava modeling studies, in situ analyses, remote sensing observations, flow morphometry and investigations of weathering under Martian conditions are presented, and data on the topography, gravity field and structural features are considered in relation to the structure and deformational history of the crust. The temporal and spatial distribution of volcanic units are considered as a constraint on the thermal evolution of the planet, and other constraints on Martian thermal history, such as magnetic field data, are reviewed. Finally, the volatile inventory of Mars is discussed based on elemental and isotopic atmospheric abundance data and geological constraints on H2O and CO2 abundances.

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