A persistent imbalance in HOx and NOx photochemistry of the upper troposphere driven by deep tropical convection

Physics – Geophysics

Scientific paper

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Atmospheric Composition And Structure: Middle Atmosphere-Composition And Chemistry, Atmospheric Composition And Structure: Evolution Of The Atmosphere, Global Change: Atmosphere, Mathematical Geophysics: Modeling

Scientific paper

Convection in the tropics turns over the upper troposphere at rates (0.08d-1) comparable to photochemical processes controlling the absolute abundance of HOx (OH+HO2) and the abundance of NOx (NO+NO2) relative to HNO3. Here we identify convection of boundary-layer CH3OOH as a primary source of HOx to the upper troposphere. Turnover of NOx leads to NO/HNO3 ratios much higher than predicted for local photochemical steady-state. Through convective transport the upper troposphere is more photochemically active in producing O3, an important greenhouse gas.

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