Physics – High Energy Physics – High Energy Physics - Phenomenology
Scientific paper
2009-12-29
Physics
High Energy Physics
High Energy Physics - Phenomenology
34 pages, 1 figure
Scientific paper
A presentation of the fundamental interactions of physics based upon the assumption of extra dimensions of space-time is given. The usual space-time is a 4-d curved hyper surface, whose local symmetry is the Lorentz group, which can be immerged inside a larger flat 10-d space. The particles are not strictly confined on the surface and have some presence in an external domain, quite small with respect to their extension in the usual space-time. In every point of the 4-d orbital space, the orthogonal 6-d internal space is supposed to be invariant under a real symmetry group. Through simple assumptions about the geometry of that internal space, two possibilities appear for classifying the particle states, corresponding to two types of particles: (i) hadrons, which undergo a gauge field associated with a real group GH(6), subgroup of SO(6) and isomorphous to SU(3); that field is identified with the strong interaction, and (ii) leptons which undergo another gauge field associated with a real group GL(6) subgroup of SO(6) and isomorphous to SU(2)x U(1); that field is isomorphous to but different from the electro-weak coupling. In addition, both hadrons and leptons are subject to weak, electromagnetic, and to a scalar Higgs-like interactions, with the respective real symmetries SO(3), SO(2), SO(1), isomorphous to SU(2), U(1), I(1). Gravitation is then introduced as a gauge field associated to the local Lorentz symmetry of the 4-d hyper surface. From a postulated expression of a minimal Lagrangian, the equations of motion show that (i) mass has its origin in the internal space, (ii) the connection between the orbital and the internal degrees of freedom implies the existence of an additional vector-type long range coupling, which does not act the same way with hadrons and leptons and produces a violation of the EP.
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