A numerical investigation of supercells in landfalling tropical cyclones

Physics

Scientific paper

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Atmospheric Processes: Idealized Model, Atmospheric Processes: Land/Atmosphere Interactions (1218, 1631, 1843, 4301), Atmospheric Processes: Mesoscale Meteorology, Atmospheric Processes: Tropical Convection, Atmospheric Processes: Tropical Cyclones

Scientific paper

Supercell thunderstorms are known to occur in the outer rainbands of tropical cyclones (TCs), and these cells are of interest because they are occasionally tornadic. A series of multi-scale quasi-idealized TC simulations are used to study the development of outer rainband supercells. Within the environment of landfalling TCs, the sea-to-land transition of the rainbands is found to locally benefit supercell development onshore due in part to (1) enhanced surface-based destabilization during the day and (2) increased surface friction slowing and backing the low-level winds. Landfall time of day is shown to have a substantial impact on the average number, strength, and lifetime of the ensemble of simulated supercells. These idealized simulations represent a first attempt at controlled hypothesis tests for supercell and tornado ingredients within the context of a highly resolved parent TC.

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