A Near-infrared Study of the Obscured, Young, Massive Star Cluster, Mercer 23

Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astronomy

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We determine the physical parameters and investigate the high-mass stellar content of the infrared star cluster Mercer 23, situated near the Galactic plane (l=53.772, b=+0.164). Our analysis is based on new Baade/PANIC JHK imaging of Mercer 23 and ISAAC/VLT moderate resolution (R 4000) spectroscopy of the brightest cluster members in the H- and K-bands. The cluster age is determined from isochrone main-sequence (MS) and pre-MS fitting. We derive stellar parameters for eight of the stellar members, using a full non-LTE modeling of the obtained spectra. Mercer 23 is a very young cluster, with age of t=2-4 Myr. The cluster suffers reddening of E(J-Ks)=1.35, Av = 7.2 mag. The derived distance is d=6.5 +/- 0.2 kpc. Our spectral modeling allows us to conclude that the three most luminous member are evolved, highly massive stars: a WR star, and two mid-O supergiant stars, based on their derived luminosity. Mercer 23, is not a super-massive cluster, such as those recently recognized to exist in the Milky Way. However, its mass estimate of 4-6 x 103 Msun puts it in the unique class of young, very massive Galactic clusters hosting WR stars.

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