Physics – High Energy Physics – High Energy Physics - Theory
Scientific paper
1998-05-19
Chaos Solitons Fractals 10:345-363,1999
Physics
High Energy Physics
High Energy Physics - Theory
24 pages LATEX, two figures incorporated. Invited Review for the ``Journal of Chaos, Solitons and Fractals'', Special Issue on
Scientific paper
10.1016/S0960-0779(98)00152-0
We discuss the treatment of quantum-gravitational fluctuations in the space-time background as an `environment', using the formalism for open quantum-mechanical systems, which leads to a microscopic arrow of time. After reviewing briefly the open-system formalism, and the motivations for treating quantum gravity as an `environment', we present an example from general relativity and a general framework based on non-critical strings, with a Liouville field that we identify with time. We illustrate this approach with calculations in the contexts of two-dimensional models and $D$ branes. Finally, some prospects for observational tests of these ideas are mentioned.
Ellis John
Mavromatos Nick E.
Nanopoulos Dimitri V.
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