A mechanism for driving the gross Birkeland current configuration in the auroral oval

Physics

Scientific paper

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Auroral Zones, Birkeland Currents, Current Sheets, Earth Magnetosphere, Geomagnetic Tail, Atmospheric Models, Electric Fields, Energy Dissipation, Field Aligned Currents, Lines Of Force, Magnetohydrodynamic Generators, Neutral Sheets, Plasma Dynamics

Scientific paper

Birkeland (field-aligned) sheet currents flowing into and out of the auroral oval as reported by Zmuda and Armstrong (1974) are integrally associated with convective motion of plasma in the magnetotail. It is demostrated that these currents can be driven by energy supplied by the braking of this convective motion of the plasma sheet particles as they drift toward the flanks of the magnetosphere. In the ionosphere the sheet currents close as Pedersen currents, resulting in the dissipation of power, while far from the earth the closure currents, which provide the braking force for the plasma, flow in the plasma sheet approximately normal to the neutral sheet out to radial distances of about 80 earth radii. During periods of moderate magnetospheric activity the Birkeland currents result in a rate of dissipation of convective energy of the order of 10 GW.

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