Physics – Quantum Physics
Scientific paper
1998-02-16
Phys.Rev.Lett.81:5442-5444,1998
Physics
Quantum Physics
9 pages, latex
Scientific paper
10.1103/PhysRevLett.81.5442
Consider a function f which is defined on the integers from 1 to N and takes the values -1 and +1. The parity of f is the product over all x from 1 to N of f(x). With no further information about f, to classically determine the parity of f requires N calls of the function f. We show that any quantum algorithm capable of determining the parity of f contains at least N/2 applications of the unitary operator which evaluates f. Thus for this problem, quantum computers cannot outperform classical computers.
Farhi Edward
Goldstone Jeffrey
Gutmann Sam
Sipser Michael
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