Physics
Scientific paper
Jan 1996
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1996phr...264..143g&link_type=abstract
Physics Reports, Vol. 264, No. 1 - 5, p. 143 - 152
Physics
6
Neutron Stars: Phase Transitions
Scientific paper
The mixed phase of a substance undergoing a first order phase transition has entirely different behavior according to whether the substance has more than one conserved charge or only one. In the latter case the pressure and nature of the phases are constants throughout the coexistence phase. For systems with more than one conserved charge the author proves two theorems: (1) The pressure and the nature of the phases in equilibrium change continuously as the proportion of the phases varies from one pure phase to the other. (2) If one of the conserved charges is the Coulomb force, an intermediate-range order will be created by the competition between Coulomb and surface interface energy. Their sum is minimized when the coexistence phase assumes a Coulomb lattice of one phase immersed in the other. The geometry will vary continuously as the proportion of phases. He illustrates the theorems for a simple description of the hadron to quark phase transition in neutron stars and find a crystalline phase many kilometers thick.
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