Physics
Scientific paper
May 2004
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=2004agusm.c43a..23s&link_type=abstract
American Geophysical Union, Spring Meeting 2004, abstract #C43A-23
Physics
1827 Glaciology (1863)
Scientific paper
Areas of rapid ice flow or ice streams have been identified in Maritime Canada on the basis of glacial field data. Two distinct glacial landform-deposit associations define the boundaries of these ice streams. The ice stream association includes drumlin fields which are largely confined to broad troughs in Paleozoic metamorphic bedrock on land and can be linked to troughs on the continental shelf. Drumlins along the Atlantic coast of Nova Scotia are formed of Lawrencetown Till, with a distinctive red mud matrix derived from mudstones in the Gulf of St. Lawrence. The Lawrencetown Till exhibits a consistently high erratic content, showing little down-ice uptake of local bedrock. The lack of mixing with local basal debris may be a result of decoupling of basal and englacial ice during rapid flow. Near Halifax, a southward-oriented ice stream (Grant Ice Stream) was defined based on the provenance of the Lawrencetown Till, drumlin orientations and striae trends. Areas between drumlin fields are mantled with stony till facies manifested as ribbed moraines and as a till plain. These stony till facies are characterized by a predominance of angular,unstriated clasts of local bedrock lithology. Low sliding velocities are implied by the texture and negligible down-ice dispersal. These stony tills and associated landforms are linked with local ice divides and cold-based areas between ice streams. The University of Maine Ice Sheet Model was used to deduce ice stream development in Maritime Canada. The model utilized present day climate data for glacier inception and GCM-generated climate data for glacial mass balance patterns. The model predicts ice streams in the Laurentian Channel and in central Nova Scotia corresponding to the Grant Ice Stream. The focus of flow into this ice stream was a result of topographic channeling on land and in the offshore basins, enhanced during deglaciation.
Fastook James
Stea R. R.
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