A BIMA Array Search for Biomolecules in Comet Hale-Bopp(C/1995 O1)

Biology – Quantitative Biology – Biomolecules

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The relevance of the chemistry of hot molecular cores (HMCs) to that of the solar nebula has been strengthened as evidence emerges for a hot core phase in low mass star formation regions. Consequently, interferometric studies of large highly saturated molecules of biological interest (biomolecules) in HMCs have been extended to comets. A key goal was the interferometric detection and mapping of large biomolecules, which could be formed along chemical pathways similar to those for HMC species. In this poster, we discuss single-field images, cross-correlation spectra and production rates of CO, HNC, HC3N, OCS, H2CO, and CH3OH obtained from Comet Hale-Bopp (C/1995 O1) with the BIMA Array. For CO we find a total beam averaged column density of 4.7x1016 cm-2 and a CO production rate of 4.3x1030 s-1. Using an H2O production rate range of (5-10)x1030 s-1, we find a relative CO/H2O production rate ratio range of 43-86%. For HNC, we find a total beam averaged column density of 2.3x1013 cm-2 and a HNC production rate of 3.0x1027 s-1. This gives a relative HNC/H2O production rate ratio range of 0.03-0.06%. For HC3N, we find a total beam averaged column density of 6.7x1012 cm-2 and an HC3N production rate of 1.1x1027 s-1. This gives a relative HC3N/H2O production rate ratio range of (0.01-0.02)%. For OCS, we find a total beam averaged column density of 9.2x1015 cm-2 and a OCS production rate of 1.9x1028 s-1. This gives a relative OCS/H2O production rate ratio range of 0.2-0.4%. For H2CO, we find a total column density of 1.4x1014 cm-2 and an H2CO production rate of 3.8x1028 s-1. This gives a relative H2CO/H2O production rate ratio range of (0.4-0.8)%. Finally, for CH3OH, we find an total beam averaged column density of 2.7x1015 cm-2 and a CH3OH production rate of 3.2x1029 s-1. For CH3OH, we find a production rate range relative to H2O of 3.2-6.4%. Upper limits were found for SO, SO2, DCN, DNC, HCO+, C2H, C3N, C4H, HCONH2, HCOOH, CH3C2H, CH3COOH, HCOOCH3, CH3CH2CN, CH3CH2OH, and (CH3)2O.
This work was partially funded by: NASA NAG5-4292, NAG5-4080, NAG5-8708, and NGT5-0083; NSF AST96-13998, AST96-13999, AST96-13716, AST96-15608, and AST99-81363; and the Universities of Illinois, Maryland, and California, Berkeley.

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