3D inversion of lunar gravity data and preliminary results

Physics – Geophysics

Scientific paper

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[1221] Geodesy And Gravity / Lunar And Planetary Geodesy And Gravity, [3260] Mathematical Geophysics / Inverse Theory, [6250] Planetary Sciences: Solar System Objects / Moon

Scientific paper

Gravity anomaly tells how the subsurface density varies or where the mass concentrations are located at. Inversion of gravity data gives a way to directly recover the density distributions. It has been demonstrated that the inversion is capable of retrieving density structures in resources exploration on the Earth. With increasing interests in interior structures of the Moon, scientists have obtained its gravity field with improved resolution on the lunar far side. We may thus utilize the inverse method to recover the lunar density structures beneath mascon basins or the density inhomogeneities in the crust and mantle. However, if considering the spherical gravity data in global scale, there are limitations in the previous inversion because the methods were based on the Cartesian coordinates system. In order to solve the problems, we developed a new 3D inverse method with three aspects involved: 1) A new model objective function adaptive to spherical coordinate system was established in the light of the Backus-Gilbert model appraisal theory. 2) A depth weighting function in inversion was also developed to approximately compensate for the kernel’s natural decay in potential field. And, 3) Non-uniqueness was suppressed by using model constraints and Tikhonov regularization tool. With the above developments and techniques, our method can quantitatively interpret the spherical gravity data. We firstly performed the inversion of synthetic data and confirmed that the locations of anomaly bodies were well defined, and then applied this method to the Bouguer gravity anomaly of the Moon which has been previously calculated based on the Chang'E-1 topography data and the SELENE gravity field model. Results showed that, on the one hand, the positive density anomalies beneath the mascon basins concentrated at the depth of 20-50km. Their residual densities are larger than 0.3g/cm^3 close to the density difference between lunar mantle and crust. Density structures along radial direction inferred that the uplifted mantle dominates the sources that produce gravity anomalies in mascon basins. On the other hand, the global density distribution down to 100km depth showed the similar features, which suggested again that the lateral heterogeneities of interior density structures are mainly located at the depth above 50km. Future study will focus on improving the resolutions of results constrained by lunar seismic velocity profiles and geological information.

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