1991-1992 GPS measurements across the Nepal Himalaya

Physics

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Tectonophysics: Plate Boundary-General, Geodesy And Gravity: Control Surveys, Tectonophysics: Continental Tectonics-General

Scientific paper

In March 1991 35 control points were measured in the collision zone between the Indian and Asian plates using the Global Positiong System (GPS). Twenty-eight points are located in the Nepal Himalaya, and 7 in S. and E. Tibet. In october 1992, 6 of the Nepal points were remeasured together with 3 bedrock points in Bihar State, India, 5 points in E. Tibet, and one in Urumchi. The average WRMS GPS position repeatability between 1991 and 1992 improved from 8 mm to 5 mm in the north, 16 mm to 7 mm in the east, and 32 mm to 25 mm in the vertical components. Himalyayan convergence rates of 20 mm/yr may be resolved to 10% accuracy within 5 years with these uncertainties. Unless improved vertical measurement techniques are introduced many decades must elapse before regional secular vertical motions may be resolved. The 1991.3-1992.8 measurements are consistent with geologically determined Himalayan convergence rates of less than 20 mm/year.

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