Physics
Scientific paper
Jun 1981
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1981jatp...43..597h&link_type=abstract
(International Symposium on Equatorial Aeronomy - I, 6th, Aguadilla, PR, July 17-23, 1980.) Journal of Atmospheric and Terrestri
Physics
5
Equatorial Atmosphere, F Region, Ionospheric Propagation, Transequatorial Propagation, Ionospheric Disturbances, Ionospheric Electron Density, Radio Waves, Space Plasmas, Spatial Distribution, Spread F, Very High Frequencies
Scientific paper
Transequatorial propagation of HF and VHF radio waves is placed into three categories according to the physical mechanisms. Specular reflection off the underside of the anomalously dense equatorial F-layer is predictable by ray tracing and limited to frequencies less than about 60 MHz. Multipoint reflection from bottomside irregularities applies for the same radio frequencies but is associated with travelling ionospheric disturbances and spread-F traces on ionograms. This type of TEP may be used as a technique for studying some of the properties of bottomside irregularities. Ducted propagation of VHF waves depends upon high plasma density gradients and occurs along equatorial plasma bubbles during the evening hours. Observations on the ducted VHF mode relate to the behavior of plasma bubbles.
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