Physics – High Energy Physics – High Energy Physics - Theory
Scientific paper
2002-04-25
Phys.Rev. D66 (2002) 123509
Physics
High Energy Physics
High Energy Physics - Theory
21 pages, 1 figure
Scientific paper
10.1103/PhysRevD.66.123509
We show why the universe started in an unstable de Sitter state. The quantum origin of our universe implies one must take a `top down' approach to the problem of initial conditions in cosmology, in which the histories that contribute to the path integral, depend on the observable being measured. Using the no boundary proposal to specify the class of histories, we study the quantum cosmological origin of an inflationary universe in theories like trace anomaly driven inflation in which the effective potential has a local maximum. We find that an expanding universe is most likely to emerge in an unstable de Sitter state, by semiclassical tunneling via a Hawking-Moss instanton. Since the top down view is forced upon us by the quantum nature of the universe, we argue that the approach developed here should still apply when the framework of quantum cosmology will be based on M-Theory.
Hawking Stephen W.
Hertog Thomas
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