Formation of underwater oceanic volcanoes and islands in relation to lithospheric thickness and movements

Physics – Geophysics

Scientific paper

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Earth Movements, Geophysics, Islands, Lithosphere, Mountains, Ocean Bottom, Planetary Evolution, Volcanoes, Magma, Plates (Tectonics), Thickness

Scientific paper

A brief review of geological and geophysical data on oceanic volcanoes, relating their formation to the thickness and nature of movements of the lithosphere, is presented. Analysis of the height and composition of such paleovolcanoes and various island chains demonstrated that such characteristics are predicated on the pT factors of magma formation under the lithosphere. The origins of such mountains are determined by plate stresses due to tectonic forces acting at plate boundaries, membrane effects and changes in the thermal regimes of the lithosphere leading to a system of rifts.

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