Mantle-lithosphere interaction beneath the Yellowstone-Snake River province

Details Mantle-lithosphere interaction beneath the Yellowstone-Snake River province Mantle-lithosphere interaction beneath the Yellowstone-Snake River province

Dec 2006

adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=2006agufm.v43d..04v&link_type=abstract

American Geophysical Union, Fall Meeting 2006, abstract #V43D-04

Physics

8110 Continental Tectonics: General (0905), 8120 Dynamics Of Lithosphere And Mantle: General (1213), 8137 Hotspots, Large Igneous Provinces, And Flood Basalt Volcanism, 8148 Planetary Volcanism (5480, 8450)

Scientific paper

The Yellowstone-Snake River province (YSRP) is one the few currently active continental hotspot locations and the only one with a clear age progression from 16-17 Ma eruptions at the Oregon-Nevada border to the present day activity at in Western Wyoming. The province has a number of characteristics that are quite similar to oceanic hotspot regions, which include a topographic bulge and geoid anomaly. The initial silicic magmatism is contemporaneous with the Columbia River Basalts, but this would require significant northward transport of basalt from the hotspot track, which is potentially accommodated by lateral transport in the crust or by a sideways transport from more competent lithosphere to a weaker spot. We will present 3D models of plumes and plume heads interacting with the lithosphere for the YSRP following the approach of Lin et al. (2005). We are particularly interested in the role of the variable properties of the lithosphere and surface tectonics influence the magmatic emplacement. We investigate the type conditions under which we can generate the Columbia River Basalts as a part of a single Yellowstone plume rising below the western US. This provides important estimates of the original size of the plume head, the current buoyancy flux and the lateral transport of mantle below the lithosphere. S.C. Lin, B.Y. Kuo, L.Y. Chiao, P.E. van Keken, Thermal plume models and melt generation in East Africa: A dynamical modeling approach, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 237, 175-192, 2005.

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