The strength of the sun's polar fields

Physics

Scientific paper

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Flux Density, Magnetic Flux, Solar Magnetic Field, Magnetic Signatures, Solar Corona, Solar Limb, Solar Observatories, Sunspots

Scientific paper

Observations at Stanford Solar Observatory of solar magnetic fields in the FeI line lambda 525.02 nm shows that a radial magnetic field measured at a point where the radius makes an angle rho with the line of sight is observed to be decreased by a factor cos rho. For field elements of 150 mT, magnetograph saturation causes the measured field to be too low by a factor of 1.8. The average field magnitude poleward 55 deg latitude is measured to be near 100 micron T. Variation of the apparent field over a 3 arc min aperture grazing the limb at central meridian amounts to a factor of two over the year; the field being strongest when the pole is tipped the most (7 1/4 deg) towards the observer. Combination of all the above results leads to the following picture of the magnetic field within the polar caps. The field is nearly radial, varying as Bp cos to the 8th power theta where the field strength Bp at the pole (theta = 0 deg) is 1.15 mT, and falling off to below 0.2 mT at the polar cap boundary (theta = 35 deg). Within coronal holes outside of the polar cap the magnetic field strength at sunspot minimum is rather small (0.15 mT).

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