Radar chain study of the May, 1995 storm

Details Radar chain study of the May, 1995 storm Radar chain study of the May, 1995 storm

Feb 1999

adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1999jastp..61..233b&link_type=abstract

Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics, Volume 61, Issue 3-4, p. 233-248.

Physics

15

Scientific paper

We summarize the main features of the ionospheric F region as observed bythe Sondrestrom, Millstone Hill, Arecibo, and Jicamarca incoherent scatter radars during the 1-5May, 1995 CEDAR Storm Study interval. This paper apparently represents the first study of amajor storm interval using the current incoherent scatter radar chain supported by the U.S.National Science Foundation. We focus most attention on 2-3 May, and include additional datafrom IMP-8, the St. Johns magnetometer, SuperDARN, and global total electron content (TEC)maps from GPS. Three intervals of likely penetration of magnetospheric electric field from high tolow latitude are identified on 2 May. A unique feature of this storm are the strong daytimeequatorward wind surges in the neutral meridional wind observed at Millstone Hill. The first ofthese (at 14 UT on 2 May) is apparently due to a travelling atmospheric disturbance launched byintense frictional and Joule heating as observed at Sondrestrom. An evening enhancement in NmF2 (the dusk effect) is typically seen only on the first day of a geomagneticstorm. However, during this storm a strong dusk effect is seen at Millstone Hill on 2, 3, and 4May, associated with the equatorward wind surges. A penetrating eastward electric field alsocontributed to the dusk effect on 2 May. A large rise in hmF2 at Arecibo near0000 UT on 3 May is due to the same eastward electric field, which penetrates to the equator,causing a strong upward plasma drift at Jicamarca. This apparently results in a polewardexpansion of the equatorial anomaly zones as seen in GPS total electron content, and an increasein NmF2 at Arecibo to the largest value seen at midnight in several years.

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